各州 WHS 法律：澳大利亚各地的 SWMS 规定
本页面目前仅提供英文版。
每个州和领地都要求在高风险建筑作业前准备 SWMS。大多数地方遵循示范 WHS 法律，维多利亚州有自己的法律，还有几个地方在细节上有所不同。
我们每周核查这些法律。最近一次对照各官方法规网站审核于 12 November 2026。
一览表
| 州或领地 | 法律 | 监管机构 | 高风险建筑作业 | 建筑项目 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New South Wales | 示范 WHS 法律 | SafeWork NSW | Section 291: the model's 18 kinds | $250,000 or more |
| Victoria | 自有的 OHS 法律 | WorkSafe Victoria | Regulation 322: 19 kinds | Principal contractor duties apply to projects of $350,000 or more |
| Queensland | 示范 WHS 法律 | Workplace Health and Safety Queensland | Section 291: the model's 18 kinds | $250,000 or more |
| South Australia | 示范 WHS 法律 | SafeWork SA | Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds | $450,000 or more |
| Western Australia | 示范 WHS 法律 | WorkSafe WA | Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds | 5 or more people working, or likely to be working, on the site at the same time (a headcount, not a value) |
| Tasmania | 示范 WHS 法律 | WorkSafe Tasmania | Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds | $250,000 or more |
| Northern Territory | 示范 WHS 法律 | NT WorkSafe | Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds, with a 3-metre falls trigger for residential work | $1,000,000 or more (since 28 May 2026) |
| Australian Capital Territory | 示范 WHS 法律 | WorkSafe ACT | Section 291: 19 kinds, adding crystalline silica processing | $250,000 or more, and any demolition or refurbishment of a building with loose-fill asbestos insulation |
| Commonwealth | 示范 WHS 法律 | Comcare | Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds | $250,000 or more |
New South Wales的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (NSW)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety Regulation 2025 (NSW)
- 监管机构
- SafeWork NSW
- SWMS 义务
- Sections 299 to 303 and 312
- 高风险建筑作业
- Section 291: the model's 18 kinds
- The Work Health and Safety Regulation 2025 replaced the 2017 Regulation in 2025. Its SWMS and high-risk construction work sections match the model in substance.
Victoria的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 (Vic)
- 条例
- Occupational Health and Safety Regulations 2017 (Vic)
- 监管机构
- WorkSafe Victoria
- SWMS 义务
- Regulations 324 (contents), 327 (prepare and follow), 328 (review) and 329 (keep)
- 高风险建筑作业
- Regulation 322: 19 kinds
- Victoria doesn't follow the model WHS laws. The duties fall on the employer or self-employed person, and a SWMS is required where the high-risk construction work poses a risk to someone's health or safety.
- Its list has 19 kinds of high-risk construction work. Some are broader than the model's (any demolition counts, not just of elements that are load-bearing or keep the structure sound) and some narrower (roads and railways, but not shipping lanes or other traffic corridors).
- A SWMS must be reviewed when the work changes or there's a sign the controls aren't working, including after any incident.
- Keep it for the duration of the work. There's no 2-year rule after an incident, and no duty to give a copy to the principal contractor.
- For asbestos removal work, an asbestos control plan counts as the SWMS for that work. Other high-risk construction work done alongside it, such as working more than 2 metres up, still needs a SWMS.
Queensland的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (Qld)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (Qld)
- 监管机构
- Workplace Health and Safety Queensland
- SWMS 义务
- Sections 299 to 303 and 312
- 高风险建筑作业
- Section 291: the model's 18 kinds
- If a SWMS for work with a risk of a fall of more than 2 metres relies only on administrative controls or PPE, it must describe every control measure considered when choosing them (section 299(4)).
South Australia的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2012 (SA)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety Regulations 2012 (SA)
- 监管机构
- SafeWork SA
- SWMS 义务
- Regulations 299 to 303 (prepare, follow, give the principal contractor a copy, review, keep) and 312 (principal contractor obtains it)
- 高风险建筑作业
- Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds
- Since 1 July 2026 the falls trigger is 2 metres, the same as the model. It was 3 metres before then.
Western Australia的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2020 (WA)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety (General) Regulations 2022 (WA)
- 监管机构
- WorkSafe WA
- SWMS 义务
- Regulations 299 to 303 (prepare, follow, give the principal contractor a copy, review, keep) and 312 (principal contractor obtains it)
- 高风险建筑作业
- Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds
其 SWMS 和高风险建筑作业规定与示范 WHS 条例一致。
Tasmania的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2012 (Tas)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety Regulations 2022 (Tas)
- 监管机构
- WorkSafe Tasmania
- SWMS 义务
- Regulations 299 to 303 (prepare, follow, give the principal contractor a copy, review, keep) and 312 (principal contractor obtains it)
- 高风险建筑作业
- Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds
其 SWMS 和高风险建筑作业规定与示范 WHS 条例一致。
Northern Territory的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act 2011 (NT)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Regulations 2011 (NT)
- 监管机构
- NT WorkSafe
- SWMS 义务
- Regulations 299 to 303 (prepare, follow, give the principal contractor a copy, review, keep) and 312 (principal contractor obtains it)
- 高风险建筑作业
- Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds, with a 3-metre falls trigger for residential work
- Since 17 July 2026, residential construction work (houses, and attached or adjacent garages, carports and sheds) is high-risk for falls only above 3 metres. Other construction work keeps the 2-metre trigger.
Australian Capital Territory的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (ACT)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (ACT)
- 监管机构
- WorkSafe ACT
- SWMS 义务
- Sections 299 to 303 and 312
- 高风险建筑作业
- Section 291: 19 kinds, adding crystalline silica processing
Australian Capital Territory的 SWMS 要求
- Adds a 19th kind of high-risk construction work: processing crystalline silica material with a power tool or another mechanical method.
- Its traffic corridor item names light rail.
Commonwealth的 SWMS 规定
- 法律
- Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (Cth)
- 条例
- Work Health and Safety Regulations 2011 (Cth)
- 监管机构
- Comcare
- SWMS 义务
- Regulations 299 to 303 (prepare, follow, give the principal contractor a copy, review, keep) and 312 (principal contractor obtains it)
- 高风险建筑作业
- Regulation 291: the model's 18 kinds
- Covers the Commonwealth, its public authorities and businesses licensed to self-insure under Comcare. Most private businesses follow their state or territory law.
常见问题
- 每个州都要求 SWMS 吗？
- 是的。每个州和领地都要求在高风险建筑作业开始前准备 SWMS。维多利亚州的规定在其自己的 OHS Regulations 2017 中；其他地方都遵循示范 WHS 条例，只有一些地方性差异。
- 维多利亚州有什么不同？
- 维多利亚州采用 OHS Act 2004 和 OHS Regulations 2017，而不是示范 WHS 法律。它的清单列出 19 类高风险建筑作业，相关义务由雇主和自雇人士承担，并且没有向总承包商提供副本的义务。
- 坠落高度标准在各地都是 2 米吗？
- 大部分是。在所有地方，有超过 2 米坠落风险的作业都属于高风险建筑作业，唯一例外是北领地的住宅建筑作业：自 2026 年 7 月 17 日起，标准为 3 米。南澳大利亚州已于 2026 年 7 月 1 日从 3 米改为 2 米。
- 什么样的工作算是建筑项目？
- 取决于所在州：示范法律规定为 $250,000 或以上，南澳大利亚州为 $450,000，北领地为 $1,000,000，西澳大利亚州则是工地上同时有 5 人或以上。维多利亚州的总承包商义务从 $350,000 起适用。
不确定你的工作是否属于高风险作业？ 我需要 SWMS 吗？
本内容是供规划参考的摘要，不是法律建议。请向你所在地的监管机构核实现行法律，尤其是在依赖近期修改之前。